Thermal and mechanical performance of polylactic acid biocomposites with lignocellulosic fillers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29105/mdi.v13i22.341Keywords:
Biocomposites, Polylactic acid, Walnut shell, Mechanical properties, SustainabilityAbstract
The aim of this research was to optimize and characterize biodegradable biocomposites based on polylactic acid reinforced with walnut shell powder, in order to develop sustainable materials with low environmental impact. Formulations containing varying proportions of plant-based filler (10% to 50%) were prepared through melt blending and compression molding. Mechanical properties were evaluated via tensile and impact testing, while thermal behavior was assessed using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that the incorporation of walnut shell powder did not affect the glass transition temperature of PLA but moderately reduced its crystallinity and thermal stability. Mechanically, a decrease in tensile strength was observed with increasing filler content; however, impact strength improved from 30% filler content onward, indicating a toughening effect. The inclusion of lignocellulosic waste allows for selective modification of PLA properties, supporting its use in disposable items, biodegradable packaging, and components requiring moderate structural performance. This approach promotes the valorization of agro-industrial residues within a circular economic framework.
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