Optimization and characterization of PLA biocomposites with fibers of Elaeis guineensis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29105/mdi.v13i22.334Keywords:
Biocomposites, Polylactic acid, African palm rachis fiber, mechanical properties, SustainabilityAbstract
The environmental impact caused by solid waste has driven the development of sustainable materials. This study evaluates biocomposites made from polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with fibers from the African palm rachis (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.), an underutilized agro-industrial byproduct. Short fibers and cellulose whiskers, thermally and chemically treated, were incorporated, achieving a cellulose purity of 48%. Thermal, structural, and mechanical properties were analyzed using FTIR, TGA, DSC, and SEM. The addition of fibers improved the elastic modulus of PLA by up to 10%; however, at a 30% concentration, tensile strength decreased due to poor interfacial compatibility. Thermal analysis revealed good stability and fusion behavior influenced by the reinforcement content. The results confirm the technical feasibility of using African palm fibers as reinforcement in biodegradable matrices, promoting the valorization of agricultural waste and the development of environmentally friendly polymeric materials.
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